Switching from pyup to dependabot

I maintain a bunch of Python-based projects including some major projects like Crash Stats, Mozilla Symbols Server, and Mozilla Location Services. In order to keep up with dependency updates, we used pyup to monitor dependencies in those projects and create GitHub pull requests for updates.

pyup was pretty nice. It would create a single pull request with many dependency updates in it. I could then review the details, wait for CI to test everything, make adjustments as necessary, and then land the pull request and go do other things.

Starting in October of 2019, pyup stopped doing monthly updates. A co-worker of mine tried to contact them to no avail. I don't know what happened. I got tired of waiting for it to start working again.

Since my projects are all on GitHub, we had already switched to GitHub security alerts. Given that, I decided it was time to switch from pyup to dependabot (also owned by GitHub).

Switching from pyup to dependabot

I had to do a bunch of projects, so I ended up with a process along these lines:

1. Remove projects from pyup.

   All my projects are either in mozilla or mozilla-services organizations on GitHub.

   We had a separate service account configure pyup, so I'm not able to make changes to pyup myself.

   I had to ask Greg to remove my projects from pyup.

   I wouldn't suggest proceeding until your project has been removed from pyup. Otherwise, it's possible you'll get PRs from pyup and dependabot for the same updates.

2. Add dependabot configuration to repo.

   Then I added the required dependabot configuration to my repository and removed the pyup configuration.

   I used these resources:

   • configuration documentation https://dependabot.com/docs/config-file/.

   • configuration validator https://dependabot.com/docs/config-file/validator/.

   I created a pull request with these changes, reviewed it, and landed it.

3. Enable dependabot.

   For some reason, I couldn't enable dependabot for my projects. I had to ask Greg who I think asked Hal to enable dependabot for my projects.

   Once this was done, then dependabot created a plethora of pull requests.

While there are Mozilla-specific bits in here, it's probably generally helpful.

Dealing with incoming pull requests

dependabot isn't as nice as pyup was. It can only update one dependency per PR. That stinks for a bunch of reasons:

1. working through 30 PRs is extremely time consuming

2. every time you finish up work on one PR, it triggers dependabot to update the others and that triggers email notifications, CI builds, and a bunch of spam and resource usage

3. dependencies often depend on each other and need to get updated as a group

Since we hadn't been keeping up with Python dependencies, we ended up with between 20 and 60 pull requests to deal with per repository.

For Antenna, I rebased each PR, reviewed it, and merged it by hand. That took a day to do. It sucked. I can't imagine doing this four times every month.

While working on PRs for Socorro, I hit a case where I needed to update multiple dependencies at the same time. I decided to write a tool that combined pull requests.

Thus was born paul-mclendahand. Using this tool, I can combine pull requests. Using paul-mclendahand, I worked through 20 pull requests for Tecken in about an hour. This saves me tons of time!

My process goes like this:

1. create a new branch on my laptop based off of master

2. list all open pull requests by running pmac listprs

3. make a list of pull requests to combine into it

4. for each pull request, I:

   1. run pmac add PR

   2. resolve any cherry-pick conflicts

   3. (optional) rebuild my project and run tests

5. push the new branch to GitHub

6. create a pull request

7. run pmac prmsg and copy-and-paste the output as the pull request description

I can then review the pull request. It has links to the other pull requests and the data that dependabot puts together for each update. I can rebase, add additional commits, etc.

When I'm done, I merge it and that's it!

paul-mclendahand v1.0.0

I released paul-mclendahand 1.0.0!

Install it with pipx:

pipx install paul-mclendahand

Install it with pip:

pip install paul-mclendahand

It doesn't just combine pull requests from dependabot--it's general and can work on any pull requests.

If you find any issues, please report them in the issue tracker.

I hope this helps you!

What is it?

Markus is a Python library for generating metrics.

Markus makes it easier to generate metrics in your program by:

• providing multiple backends (Datadog statsd, statsd, logging, logging roll-up, and so on) for sending metrics data to different places
• sending metrics to multiple backends at the same time
• providing a testing framework for easy metrics generation testing
• providing a decoupled architecture making it easier to write code to generate metrics without having to worry about making sure creating and configuring a metrics client has been done--similar to the Python logging module in this way

We use it at Mozilla on many projects.

v2.0.0 released!

I released v2.0.0 just now. Changes:

Features

• Use time.perf_counter() if available. Thank you, Mike! (#34)
• Support Python 3.7 officially.
• Add filters for adjusting and dropping metrics getting emitted. See documentation for more details. (#40)

Backwards incompatible changes

• tags now defaults to [] instead of None which may affect some expected test output.

• Adjust internals to run .emit() on backends. If you wrote your own backend, you may need to adjust it.

• Drop support for Python 3.4. (#39)

• Drop support for Python 2.7.

  If you're still using Python 2.7, you'll need to pin to <2.0.0. (#42)

Bug fixes

• Document feature support in backends. (#47)
• Fix MetricsMock.has_record() example. Thank you, John!

Where to go for more

Changes for this release: https://markus.readthedocs.io/en/latest/history.html#september-19th-2019

Documentation and quickstart here: https://markus.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html

Source code and issue tracker here: https://github.com/willkg/markus

Let me know whether this helps you!

Summary

Socorro Engineering team covers several projects:

• Socorro is the crash ingestion pipeline and Crash Stats web service for Mozilla's products like Firefox.
• Tecken is the symbols server for uploading, downloading, and symbolicating stacks.
• Buildhub2 is the build information index.
• Buildhub is the previous iteration of Buildhub2 that's currently deprecated and will get decommissioned soon.
• PollBot and Delivery Dashboard are something something.

This blog post summarizes our activities in July.

Highlights of July

• Socorro: Added modules_in_stack field to super search allowing people to search the set of module/debugid for functions that are in teh stack of the crashing thread.

  This lets us reprocess crash reports that have modules for which symbols were just uploaded.

• Socorro: Added PHC related fields, dom_fission_enabled, and bug_1541161 to super search.

• Socorro: Fixed some things further streamlining the local dev environment.

• Socorro: Reformatted Python code with Black.

• Socorro: Extracted supersearch and fetch-data commands as a separate Python library: https://github.com/willkg/crashstats-tools

• Tecken: Upgraded to Python 3.7 and adjusted storage bucket code to work better for multiple storage providers.

• Tecken: Added GCS emulator for local development environment.

• PollBot: Updated to use Buildhub2.

Hiatus and project changes

In April, we picked up Tecken, Buildhub, Buildhub2, and PollBot in addition to working on Socorro. Since then, we've:

• audited Tecken, Buildhub, Buildhub2, and PollBot
• updated all projects, updated dependencies, and performed other necessary maintenance
• documented deploy procedures and basic runbooks
• deprecated Buildhub in favor of Buildhub2 and updated projects to use Buildhub2

Buildhub is decomissioned now and is being dismantled.

We're passing Buildhub2 and PollBot off to another team. They'll take ownership of those projects going forward.

Socorro and Tecken are switching to maintenance mode as of last week. All Socorro/Tecken related projects are on hold. We'll continue to maintain the two sites doing "keep the lights on" type things:

• granting access to memory dumps
• adding new products
• adding fields to super search
• making changes to signature generation and updating siggen library
• responding to outages
• fixing security issues

All other non-urgent work will be pushed off.

As of August 1st, we've switched to Mozilla Location Services. We'll be auditing that project, getting it back into a healthy state, and bringing it in line with current standards and practices.

Given that, this is the last Socorro Engineering status post for a while.

Read more…

What is it?

crashstats-tools is a set of command-line tools for working with Crash Stats (https://crash-stats.mozilla.org/).

crashstats-tools comes with two commands:

• supersearch: for performing Crash Stats Super Search queries
• fetch-data: for fetching raw crash, dumps, and processed crash data for specified crash ids

v1.0.1 released!

I extracted two commands we have in the Socorro local dev environment as a separate Python project. This allows anyone to use those two commands without having to set up a Socorro local dev environment.

The audience for this is pretty limited, but I think it'll help significantly for testing analysis tools.

Say I'm working on an analysis tool that looks at crash report minidump files and does some additional analysis on it. I could use supersearch command to get me a list of crash ids to download data for and the fetch-data command to download the requisite data.

$ export CRASHSTATS_API_TOKEN=foo
$ mkdir crashdata
$ supersearch --product=Firefox --num=10 | \
    fetch-data --raw --dumps --no-processed crashdata

Then I can run my tools on the dumps in crashdata/upload_file_minidump/.

Be thoughtful about using data

Make sure to use these tools in compliance with our data policy:

https://crash-stats.mozilla.org/documentation/memory_dump_access/

Where to go for more

See the project on GitHub which includes a README which contains everything about the project including examples of usage, the issue tracker, and the source code:

https://github.com/willkg/crashstats-tools

Let me know whether this helps you!

Summary

We (Mozilla) have two different data sets for crashes: crash pings in Telemetry and crash reports in Socorro/Crash Stats. When Firefox crashes, the crash reporter collects information about the crash and this results in crash ping and crash report data. From there, the two different data things travel two different paths and end up in two different systems.

This blog post covers these two different journeys, their destinations, and the resulting properties of both data sets.

This blog post specifically talks about Firefox and not other products which have different crash reporting stories.

Updates

Updates and changes to this blog post since I wrote it:

• 2019-07-04: Crash ping data is not publicly available. Blog post updated accordingly. Thank you, Chutten!
• 2019-11-07: Added note that you can download symbols files using any http client and that the file you get back is gzipped. Thank you, Steven!

CRASH!

Firefox crashes. It happens.

The crash reporter kicks in. It uses the Breakpad library to collect data about the crashed process, package it up into a minidump. The minidump has information about the registers, what's in memory, the stack of the crashing thread, stacks of other threads, what modules are in memory, and so on.

• https://firefox-source-docs.mozilla.org/toolkit/crashreporter/crashreporter/index.html
• https://chromium.googlesource.com/breakpad/breakpad/+/master/docs/getting_started_with_breakpad.md
• https://chromium.googlesource.com/breakpad/breakpad/+/master/docs/exception_handling.md

Additionally, the crash reporter collects a set of annotations for the crash. Annotations like ProductName, Version, ReleaseChannel, BuildID and others help us group crashes for the same product and build.

• https://hg.mozilla.org/mozilla-central/file/tip/toolkit/crashreporter/CrashAnnotations.yaml

The crash reporter assembles the portions of the crash report that don't have personally identifiable information (PII) in them into a crash ping. It uses minidump-analyzer to unwind the stack. The crash ping with this stack is sent via the crash ping sender to Telemetry.

• https://firefox-source-docs.mozilla.org/toolkit/components/telemetry/telemetry/internals/pingsender.html
• https://firefox-source-docs.mozilla.org/toolkit/components/telemetry/telemetry/data/crash-ping.html

If Telemetry is disabled, then the crash ping will not get sent to Telemetry.

The crash reporter will show a crash report dialog informing the user that Firefox crashed. The crash report dialog includes a comments field for additional data about the crash and an email field. The user can choose to send the crash report or not.

If the user chooses to send the crash report, then the crash report is sent via HTTP POST to the collector for the crash ingestion pipeline. The entire crash ingestion pipeline is called Socorro. The website part is called Crash Stats.

• https://socorro.readthedocs.io/en/latest/overview.html

If the user chooses not to send the crash report, then the crash report never goes to Socorro.

If Firefox is unable to send the crash report, it keeps it on disk. It might ask the user to try to send it again later. The user can access about:crashes and send it explicitly.

Relevant backstory

  "modules": [
    ...
    {
      "debug_file": "xul.pdb",
      "base_addr": "0x7fecca50000",
      "version": "69.0.0.7091",
      "debug_id": "4E1555BE725E9E5C4C4C44205044422E1",
      "filename": "xul.dll",
      "end_addr": "0x7fed32a9000",
      "code_id": "5CF2591C6859000"
    },
    ...
  ],
  "threads": [
    {
      "frames": [
        {
          "trust": "context",
          "module_index": 8,
          "ip": "0x7feccfc3337"
        },
        {
          "trust": "cfi",
          "module_index": 8,
          "ip": "0x7feccfb0c8f"
        },
        {
          "trust": "cfi",
          "module_index": 8,
          "ip": "0x7feccfae0af"
        },
        {
          "trust": "cfi",
          "module_index": 8,
          "ip": "0x7feccfae1be"
        },
...

{
  "memoryMap": [
    [
      "xul.pdb",
      "44E4EC8C2F41492B9369D6B9A059577C2"
    ],
    [
      "wntdll.pdb",
      "D74F79EB1F8D4A45ABCD2F476CCABACC2"
    ]
  ],
  "stacks": [
    [
      [0, 11723767],
      [1, 65802]
    ]
  ]
}

What is it and where does it go?

Crash pings vs. Crash reports

Because of the above, there are big differences in collection of crash data between the two systems and what you can do with it.

Conclusions and future plans

Thanks!

Many thanks to everyone who helped with this: Will Lachance, W Chris Beard, Gabriele Svelto, Nathan Froyd, and Chutten.

Also, many thanks to Chutten and Alessio who write fantastic blog posts about Telemetry things. Those are gold.

Summary

Socorro Engineering team covers several projects:

• Socorro is the crash ingestion pipeline and Crash Stats web service for Mozilla's products like Firefox.
• Tecken is the symbols server for uploading, downloading, and symbolicating stacks.
• Buildhub2 is the build information index.
• Buildhub is the previous iteration of Buildhub2 that's currently deprecated and will get decommissioned soon.
• PollBot and Delivery Dashboard are something something.

This blog post summarizes our activities in June.

Highlights of June

• Socorro: Fixed the collector's support of a single JSON-encoded field in the HTTP POST payload for crash reports. This is a big deal because we'll get less junk data in crash reports going forward.
• Socorro: Reworked how Crash Stats manages featured versions: if the product defines a product_details/PRODUCTNAME.json file, it'll pull from that. Otherwise it calculates featured versions based on the crash reports it's received.
• Buildhub: deprecated Buildhub in favor of Buildhub2. Current plan is to decommission Buildhub in July.
• Across projects: Updated tons of dependencies that had security vulnerabilities. It was like a hamster wheel of updates, PRs, and deploys.
• Tecken: Worked on GCS emulator for local dev environment.
• All hands discussions:
  • GCP migration plan for Tecken and figure out what needs to be done.
  • Possible GCP migration schedule for Tecken and Socorro.
  • Migrating applications using Buildhub to Buildhub2 and decommissioning Buildhub in July.
  • What would happen if we switched from Elasticsearch to BigQuery?
  • Switching from Socorro's minidump-stackwalk to minidump-analyzer.
  • Re-implementing the Socorro Top Crashers and Signature reports using Telemetry tools and data.
  • Writing a symbolicator and Socorro-style signature generator in Rust that can be used for crash reports in Socorro and crash pings in Telemetry.
  • The crash ping vs. crash report situation (blog post coming soon).

Read more…